Natural honey's chemical composition differs based on the floral source that the bee utilized. Table 1 shows the typical natural honey composition. Natural honey contains more than 200 different substances, including amino acids, vitamins, minerals, and enzymes. Generally, honey is mainly composed of fructose (about 38%) and glucose (about 32%), with remaining sugars including maltose, sucrose, and other complex carbohydrates. Its glycemic index ranges from 31 to 78, depending on the variety. Vitamins found in honey are thiamine, niacin, riboflavin, pyridoxine, ascorbic acid, folic acid, nicotinic acid, and pantothenic acid. Notably, potassium is the main mineral found in honey, followed by calcium, magnesium, sodium, sulfur, and phosphorus, respectively [5,6].
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